FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Overview
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There are 25 airports in Finland as well as more than 50 unmanned aerodromes. The associations that operate with them are the easiest to get involved in.
As a rule, airspace in Finland may be used freely for aviation, but air traffic control clearance is required for some parts of the airspace, such as airport approaches and airways. In addition, there are danger and restriction areas that can be blocked from air traffic, for example due to shootings by the Defense Forces.
In addition to aerodromes, open water areas and other suitable areas may be used temporarily in Finland for take-offs and landings. However, any restrictions on the use of, for example, motorized vehicles should be taken into account. The instructions in the Airplane Flight Manual for the length of runway to be used and any obstacle obstacle must be followed in all cases.
Flying abroad is also possible, especially within the EU. In this case, the pilot should have an English radio operator certification. When traveling abroad on a non-type-approved aircraft, the pilot must ensure in advance that the authority in question will allow the aircraft to fly in its airspace.
There are different requirements for aircraft equipment in different parts of the airspace. With the smallest equipment, you can cope with the uncontrolled airspace that is quite abundant in Finland. At least aeronautical radios are usually required to obtain air traffic control clearance in controlled airspace. A radar transponder, or transponder, makes it easier for you to get clearer parts of the sky. -
It is said that aviation is not safe in principle, but it is made safe. This is done with careful preparation for each flight. In aviation, this has come to such an extent that, despite its inherent insecurity, air travel is the safest form of travel.
Even in recreational aviation, technical failure is rarely the cause of accidents. In most cases, however, the pilot has, in one way or another, exceeded his skill, for example, by flying in harsh weather conditions, making too demanding flights with too few safety margins, or otherwise being prepared carelessly. For one single reason, accidents do not usually happen, and the simultaneous realization of too many risk factors will eventually lead to an accident.
Thus, the amateur aeronautical player can have a great deal of influence on the level of risk of their operations by making their own choices and by being aware of the potential risks. The basics of these are already learned in the licensing courses, but you should keep your information up to date by following, for example. industry publications and collecting so-called. kuppilatiimaa.
Statistically, recreational aviation corresponds to, for example, motorcycling. -
A typical flight is divided into three phases: flight planning, flight itself, and flight termination.
Flight planning
Careful flight preparation is an important part of flight safety. Before departure, the aeronautical information system shall be used to ascertain the meteorological conditions at the place of departure, destination and the intended route. At the same time, the opening hours of air traffic control units and potential active danger areas are investigated, as well as fuel and load calculations.
Flight performance
The flight itself begins with a thorough inspection of the aeronautical equipment and making it fit for flight. During the flight, the flight’s progress compared to the plan is monitored, so that any anomalies can be detected in good time. For example, a stronger headwind may require a change in flight altitude or speed, or an additional stopover for refueling.
Flight stop
After landing, documents such as the aircraft log book are completed, the aircraft is parked and any standing guards are fitted. If the flight plan has been submitted to air traffic control and you land at an unattended aerodrome, you must also remember to decide on the flight plan. -
You will need the English language proficiency mark required by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO):
• when flying abroad.
• using English for radiotelephone traffic in Finland.
• when using the IR.
You will receive an English language proficiency certificate on your license by passing a language proficiency test to an authorized Trafi proficiency examiner.
Trafi issues a language proficiency endorsement on application based on a certificate of proficiency test. An authorized language examiner may enter on the license an extension of the language proficiency endorsement.
The period of validity of a language proficiency endorsement depends on the license category and level of proficiency. The language endorsements are as follows:
• Level 6 is valid indefinitely and does not need to be renewed.
• Level 5 is valid for six years.
• Level 4 is valid for four years for flight crew and three years for air navigation staff. -
The valid license endorsements define the privileges of the license holder, ie the pilot of the aircraft. Trafi issues certificates associated with flight licenses that allow the license holder to use its license in a more versatile manner. Qualifications include, for example, type and class ratings and instructor ratings.
The qualification shall include theoretical and flight instruction as well as a skill test. Some qualifications also include a theory test.
Renewal and renewal of the license
The ratings listed on the license shall continue to be valid, depending on the ratings, either by experience, training or examination, or by a combination of both. Outdated certification can usually be renewed by recurrent training and checking.
Examiners may continue to hold ratings, as well as new expired ratings, provided that:
• the license is endorsed on the license and
• Less than 3 years from the date of expiry.
Temporary license access
The examiner may grant a temporary privilege on the privileges of the holder after an approved skill test. This will allow the license holder to take advantage of his new license already while waiting for the new license to be completed. -
The skill test
The skill test is a skill test that is issued for the issue of a new license or rating. The skill test shall include a flight section and an oral examination by an examiner.
• PPL Flight Exam – Contact the examiner to order your own flight test
• CPL Flight Examination – Instructor or Examiner to present the examiner in accordance with the application guidelines by contacting the Flight Examinations (at) trafi.fi
• IR Flight Exam – Instructor or Examiner to present the Examiner in accordance with the application guidelines by contacting Flight Examinations (at) trafi.fi
• ATPL Flight Examination – Instructor or Examiner to submit Examiner Pilot in accordance with application guidelines by contacting Flight Examinations (at) trafi.fi
Contacting the Licenses and Qualifications unit, flight examinations (at) trafi.fi must be taken at least 14 days before the scheduled date of the IR / CPL / ATPL flight exam.
The check
A proficiency check is a skill test that is issued to renew or revalidate a rating. The examination flight shall include the flight section and an oral examination by the examiner.
Contact the Examiner to order an inspection flight yourself.
Assessment of competence
The assessment of competence shall relate to the certification of an examiner or the qualification of a flight instructor.
The instructor or the examiner shall present the examiner in accordance with the application guidelines by contacting the flight tests (at) trafi.fi.
Contact the Licenses and Qualifications Unit for qualification assessments at least 14 days prior to the scheduled date of the inspection event. -
Upon successful completion of the skill test, the examiner may grant the holder of the JAR-FCL or EASA Part-FCL a privilege to exercise the privileges of the license while awaiting entry on the license.
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Training in flight training or related theoretical knowledge and aeronautical training shall be subject to the issuance of a training license by the aeronautical authority or approval by the training organization to a
with the exception of education. Only approved training organizations (ATO) that meet the EASA requirements can provide EASA certification training.
The Civil Aviation Authority, Trafi, acts as a kind of consumer adviser to the trainee, since, when granting a training permit or approval, the following things:
• The school has appropriate staff, training facilities and training equipment. This includes aircraft and ground training equipment.
• Training is provided at a training aerodrome. Requirements include, for example, first aid and fire extinguishing equipment, telephone, wind direction indicator, means of transport suitable for the carriage of the injured person, and radio equipment for radio communication between the ground and the aircraft.
• The trainer has to provide the student with the necessary literature for distribution and familiarization.
• Training is conducted safely and the aircraft have the additional insurance required for basic training.
• Training programs are of high quality. Approval is required for existing training programs.
• Flight instructors are trained and qualified to do so, ie have a valid flight instructor certification. -
For aircraft production, the aircraft type shall be type-approved when it complies with the applicable type-approval requirements. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has issued common European Certification Specifications to grant European type approval.
The aircraft may also be type-approved in accordance with foreign type approval requirements, such as the US FAA.
The aircraft used for commercial operations shall be type-approved.
Test and hobby category aircraft
Ultra-light aircraft are not type-approved, but always belong to the experimental and hobby category. Commercially manufactured ultralights may be issued a type certification, which allows the issuance of a restricted certificate of airworthiness for aircraft.
The construction of recreational or modified aircraft that are wholly or mainly self-manufactured requires a building permit issued by the Aviation Authority. Recreational aircraft may fall into the category other than ultralight. This category also includes aircraft constructed for experimental purposes, such as prototypes of a new type which have not yet been type-approved. -
Flight manuals and their approval methods have been updated with the extension of the competences of the European Aviation Safety Agency. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) approves new aircraft manuals for aircraft by aircraft type.
The Airplane Flight Manual is an integral part of the type approval of an aircraft. As type approval has been transferred to EASA, the flight manual will no longer need to be sent to Trafi for approval. EASA approves new flight manuals by airplane type.
The manuals do not need to be submitted to EASA, as the approval of the new manuals is already complete. They shall bear the text “EASA approved” and the approval number. Also, Trafi no longer writes aircraft-specific manuals for aircraft.
Checklist
The aircraft must have a checklist, the contents of which comply with the approved flight manual procedure instructions, the equipment of the aircraft and the type of operation approved for the aircraft. The checklist may be in Finnish or in the same language as the flight manual. Unless the contents of the checklist are specified in the Airplane Flight Manual, the checklist shall include the necessary procedures related to normal operation, abnormal situations and emergencies.
Flight manuals for ultra and recreational aircraft are still approved by the aircraft surveyor. The Airplane Flight Manual is only required for those aircraft whose type specification mentions one. Many older machines have adequate instruction plates.
Old flight manuals are acceptable as such provided they are up-to-date. The flight manual may continue to be in Finnish, Swedish or English. -
An aircraft is airworthy when it is designed, constructed, maintained and equipped so that it can be safely used in aviation. For the type-approved aircraft owner, this means that the aircraft has been serviced and equipped in accordance with the type-approval holder’s instructions within the running and calendar time limits specified in the instructions.
Instructions to follow
Aircraft (helicopters), engines and propellers are type-approved. In addition, aircraft may be subject to type-approval changes through various additional type-approvals and individual modifications.
Usually, for example, the maintenance instructions for the airplane type-approval holder (that is to say, the manufacturer’s) include the type-approved engine and propeller maintenance instructions installed on the aircraft. For example, if the aircraft has been replaced by a type-approved propeller other than type-approval, the maintenance instructions of the type-approval holder or propeller type-approval holder shall be complied with.
The type-approval and supplemental type-approval holders shall update their maintenance instructions from time to time in the light of operational experience. The competent authority of the type-approval holder and the competent authority of the State of registration of the aircraft may also issue airworthiness directives (AD) which may affect the maintenance requirements.
Therefore, in order to remain airworthy, an aircraft must be maintained in accordance with all these instructions. To manage the maintenance requirements of the aircraft, a maintenance program must be maintained that takes into account all of the above instructions. The maintenance program must be approved by the competent authority of the country of registration.
Who administers
The owner or operator of a private aircraft may establish a maintenance program and manage the airworthiness of their aircraft themselves or contract with an approved continuing airworthiness management organization (EASA Part M Subpart G Organization, CAMO) to establish a maintenance program and / or continuing airworthiness management.
Who gets serviced
Maintenance under the type-approved aircraft maintenance program must be performed by authorized maintenance personnel or by an approved maintenance organization (for private use an EASA Part 145 or Part M Subpart F maintenance organization, or for ELA1 aircraft also a certifying mechanic). The maintenance organization and the continuing airworthiness management organization may be one and the same organization provided they are both licensed, but need not be the same. The aircraft may be controlled by only one continuing airworthiness management organization at a time, but any appropriately approved maintenance organization may be involved in the maintenance program.
In the case of a private aircraft, the so called “approved maintenance organization” shall also be considered as an approved maintenance organization. Pilot-Owner for any job that is specifically identified in the maintenance program as being capable of being carried out by a named qualified Pilot-owner. -
Modifications to a Finnish aircraft must be approved by the EASA. Modifications approved before the establishment of EASA in Finland or in another Member State shall be deemed to be approved by EASA. For recreational aircraft, modification approvals shall be issued by the Aviation Authority in accordance with national regulations.
The Finnish Civil Aviation Authority has compiled a list of modifications to aircraft registered in Finland (1.9.09). All modifications approved before September 28, 2003 in Finland or another Member State may be considered as approved by EASA.
STCs installed before September 28, 2003 are also considered EASA approved. -
A noise certificate is used to certify the level of noise emitted by a vessel. Airports often require noise certificates from aircraft landing on them. Some stations have to pay an extra noise charge for a noisy machine. In Finland, noise charges are levied on night-time departures (2300-0600 LMT) at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport for jet aircraft equipped with jet turbine engines.
Noise levels vary by aircraft type. Large planes cause the most noise. The permissible noise level is defined in ICAO Annex 16 of the International Civil Aviation Organization. In Finland and in many other countries, flying jets not complying with ICAO Annex 16, Volume I, Chapter 2, No 3 is prohibited. If the aircraft has been shown to meet the US FAR Part 36 noise level requirements, it will generally also comply with ICAO requirements.
If the aircraft is noise certified, the noise emitted by the ship is usually reflected in the noise certificate issued by the aircraft registration authority.
Noise certificates for aircraft registered in Finland may be applied for by the owner, operator or owner of the aircraft. Where the European Aviation Safety Authority is responsible for the type approval of an aircraft, a noise certificate may only be issued if the aircraft, including any modifications, is to be found in the EASA-maintained noise database at http://www.easa.europa.eu/ws_prod/c/c_tc_noise.php
If the aircraft is subject to Finnish legislation, a noise certificate may also be issued if the noise values can be found in the flight manual, type-approval document or noise certificate issued by the country of sale. In the absence of officially approved noise values in these documents, the aircraft noise must be measured separately. In this case, it is best to use an acoustics company that is familiar with ICAO noise measurement requirements.
The processing time for the application for a noise certificate is approximately one week. -
One of the preconditions for the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft is that it has been maintained in accordance with a maintenance program and that the maintenance has been carried out by an approved maintenance operator. Larger maintenance operations, especially for type-approved aircraft, have to be done by an approved maintenance organization, simpler work can be done by a person with a maintenance mechanic’s license, or even by a so-called maintenance engineer. the pilot-owner. The builder of a hobby aircraft mainly takes care of its aircraft itself.
damage Repairs
Minor damage repairs, which may be performed in accordance with the instructions in the maintenance manual, may be made by an approved maintenance organization as specified in the approved maintenance manual. For major repairs that do not have approved maintenance instructions, you should seek permission from the Aviation Authority.
EASA aircraft maintenance activities
The maintenance of approved aircraft under the responsibility of the EASA shall comply with the EASA Part-M requirements for maintenance to be carried out in accordance with the approved aircraft maintenance program (M.A.302 (a) and (b)).
Maintenance shall be performed in accordance with approved and updated maintenance instructions (M.A.401) by qualified personnel (M.A.402). Maintenance operations, which are called the aircraft owner’s permission to do so is listed in Part M, Annex VIII and specifically mentioned in the aircraft maintenance program. The Pilot-owner must have ownership of the aircraft, either directly or as a voting member of the Association, and must hold a valid Flight License and Class rating for that aircraft (M.A.803) in order to be certificated for Pilot-owner maintenance.
Approved service instructions
Under EASA Part 21, the type-approval holder has an obligation to maintain maintenance instructions, including: by publishing Service Bulletins and Service Manual Updates. The type-approval holder may also request guidance, for example, on repairs not directly covered by the maintenance manual. It should be noted, however, that the type-approval holder shall not be obliged to disclose such results of design work carried out free of charge.
The guidance may also be developed by another Part-21 design organization within the scope of its approval. In addition, in the case of classified work, anyone may apply for EASA approval for a modification or repair plan they have prepared.
Proof of release to service that has not been performed in accordance with approved instructions is not permitted. An aircraft is not airworthy if it has undergone such work. For this reason, among other things, the maintenance certificate should always refer to the maintenance instructions used. The lack of a reference may raise doubts that the airworthiness of such work may not be all right. -
Airborne noise is intermittent in nature. The sound is heard as the aircraft is flying nearby, and then there is no sound before the next one arrives. In addition, sound is distinctly different from the rest of the world, and for this reason the human ear can clearly distinguish it, even if the measured noise level is lower than the noise level in the environment. For this reason, intermittent noise is perceived as more disturbing than continuous noise from nature, industry, or road traffic, even at higher noise levels. Particularly disturbing is this kind of noise for the listener who actively draws attention to it.
Noise limits and recommendations for residential environments are set as daily average noise levels. Thus, even instantaneous noise may not cause the daily average to be exceeded if there are not too many of these noise peaks during the day.
The aim is to reduce exposure to air noise by designing flight paths so as to avoid densely populated and noise sensitive areas. As settlements become denser around airports, this becomes even more challenging. The aim is to influence the generation of airborne noise by designing the engines quieter and, at present, by reducing the aerodynamic noise of airplanes in landing gear. However, the widespread adoption of new technology will take decades, due to the longevity of aircraft.
License and rating
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A flight crew member flying a civil aircraft must hold a valid, valid flight license and medical certificate (s) issued by or licensed by the State of Registry of the aircraft and associated with, and associated with, the applicable flight license and rating. The license and the medical certificate (medical certificate) must always be carried on the flight. A photo ID also needs to be on board for identification. If required by the Civil Aviation Authority, the license and medical certificate shall be presented to them.
A license is perpetual and may be exercised with a valid medical certificate and with a two-year refresher or examination. -
Licenses
Aircraft can be divided into the following aircraft groups:
(a) airplanes;
(b) helicopters,
(c) gliders;
(d) powered sailplanes (TMG powered sailplanes);
(e) balloons;
(f) ultralight aircraft;
(g) car tires, and
(h) airships.
A separate flight license is required for each aircraft group. Private Pilot License for Airplanes, PPL- (A) grants the privilege to fly only aircraft in the airplane group. For example, for sailplanes and ultralight aircraft, separate licenses are required. The airplanes and helicopters groups each have three different flight licenses, a private pilot’s license PPL (A), a commercial pilot’s license CPL (A) and a commercial pilot’s license ATPL (A).
A Private Pilot License (PPL (A)) allows you to fly alone and take passengers, for example, without having to pay a ride fee. Expenses can be shared between friends. A private pilot license must therefore not be used for commercial purposes (commercial air transport).
Commercial Pilots License, CPL (A) The holder of an AOC is allowed to fly commercial air transport operations such as taxis and freight. In addition, a commercial pilot may conduct aerial work flights such as photography and fire surveillance. The co-pilot of the airplane usually has a CPL and Frozen-ATPL theories. Obtaining an AOC requires a course in the AOC and sufficient flying experience.
Airline Pilot License Airline Pilots License, ATPL (A) The holder of an Air Operator’s Certificate is the commander, ie the captain, of a scheduled air service. Passenger aircraft captains hold an ATPL. Obtaining an ATPL requires the applicant to undergo professional training, usually on a modular or integrated basis in a professional pilot course. In addition, he or she must have 1,500 hours flying experience.
ratings
The license itself does not entitle the pilot to operate any airplane, but requires a valid license or authorization. Single pilot airplanes without an airworthiness certification can be further subdivided into seven airplane categories as follows:
(a) single-engine piston engine airplanes;
(b) single-engine piston engine seaplanes;
(c) TMG powered sailplanes (in Finland only in special cases);
(d) single engine propeller turbine powered by each manufacturer
(e) airplanes;
(f) single-engine turbofan airplanes from each manufacturer;
(f) piston engine multi-engine airplanes;
(g) and multi-engined piston engine seaplanes.
A rating shall entitle the holder to exercise the privileges of the license on any airplane within the same class. In addition, conversion or familiarization training is required when switching to another airplane type or variant within the same rating.
Single engine Piston (SEP) classes require differences training when the pilot has not previously flown an airplane with one or more of the following:
(a) a constant speed propeller
(b) a retractable landing gear
(c) supercharged engine
d) pressurization
(e) tail wheel
(f) glass cockpit (EFIS)
(g) Electronic Engine Control (SLPC)
In the other classes, differences training is required whenever changing from one type of aircraft to another. If the pilot has not flown within the applicable airplane type within two years of the completion of the differences training, refresher training or checking shall be required on that type.
However, the requirement does not apply to the types and versions covered by the Single Engine Piston (SEP) class rating.
1.Differency training requires additional knowledge and training on a training device or airplane approved by the Authority. Difference training must always be recorded in the pilot’s logbook or other document serving the same purpose. The marking shall be authenticated by the signature of the class rating instructor, the type rating instructor, the simulator instructor or the flight instructor, as appropriate.
2. Familiarization training requires additional information. The following airplanes require a separate type rating:
(a) each type of multi-pilot airplane;
(b) each type of multi-engined single-pilot airplane that is equipped with propeller or jet turbine engines;
(c) each type of single-engine single-pilot airplane equipped with a jet turbine engine; and (d) any other type of airplane which is operated by EASA or the Air Traffic Authority.
(d) defined by TraFi as an unusual or difficult type of handling.
Practicing different types of operations may also require separate certification. -
Light Aircraft License LAPL (A)
Specific requirements for applicants holding a LAPL (S) license with TMG extension
For the issue of a LAPL (A), the holder of a LAPL (S) with a TMG extension shall demonstrate to the examiner an adequate level of theoretical knowledge in the single-engine piston engine airplane class in the following subjects:
Operational procedures;
performance and flight planning;
general knowledge of the aircraft.
No theory training or written tests are required.
Applicants for a LAPL (A) with a LAPL (S) and TMG extension shall have completed at least 21 hours of flight time on TMGs after approval of the TMG extension and shall meet the following requirements:
He has completed 3 hours of flight instruction, including:
10 take – offs and landings with instructor; and
10 take-offs and landings under the supervision of a teacher
If the 21 hours experience requirement following the issuance of the TMG extension is not met, the applicable credit for other training shall be the applicable credit.
Refund of other licenses
The holder of the second aircraft group license shall have received theoretical knowledge instruction and an adequate theoretical knowledge examination in the following subjects:
Principles of flight
Operational procedures
performance and flight planning
general knowledge of the aircraft
air navigation
The amount of credit for a flight training course shall be determined by the approved training organization where the pilot completes the course, based on an assessment flight conducted before commencing training, but in no case shall exceed 50% of the LAPL (A) flight experience experience requirement.
Aiming at the Private Pilot License PPL (A)
Specific requirements for applicants holding a LAPL (A)
Applicants for a PPL (A) holding an LAPL (A) shall have completed at least 15 hours of flight time on airplanes after the issue of the LAPL (A), of which at least 10 hours shall be flight instruction in an approved training course. The course must include at least four hours of supervised solo flight time, including at least two hours of solo flight, with at least one flight of at least 270 kilometers (150 NM) including landing at two aerodromes other than the aerodrome of departure.
Special requirements for applicants holding a LAPL (S) license with TMG extension
Applicants for a PPL (A) holding a LAPL (S) and a TMG extension shall have completed at least 24 hours of flight time on TMGs after the issuance of the TMG extension, and shall have completed 15 hours of flight instruction in an approved ATO course.
Refund of other licenses
An applicant holding a license for another group of aircraft other than balloons shall be credited with 10% of the total flight time as PIC on that aircraft for a maximum period of 10 hours.
Crediting theoretical knowledge
The holder of the second aircraft group license shall have received theoretical knowledge instruction and an adequate theoretical knowledge examination in the following subjects:
Principles of flight
Operational procedures
performance and flight planning
general knowledge of the aircraft
air navigation
The holder of the LAPL (A) shall be fully credited towards the theoretical knowledge instruction and the examination requirements. -
Private Pilot License (PPL, Private Pilot License)
A private pilot license course can be taken at a flight club or school. The Private Pilot License PPL (A) entitles you to fly an airplane (Aeroplane) and the PPL (H) (Helicopter) to a helicopter. A private pilot’s license entitles you to fly alone and take passengers with you, for example, without having to pay a ride fee. Expenses can be shared between friends. A private pilot license must therefore not be used for gainful aviation.
A license is perpetual and may be exercised with a valid medical certificate and by a bimonthly refresher or examination.
Commercial Pilot License (CPL)
An ATPL entitles the holder to operate for commercial purposes on an aircraft. An AOC of a commercial airline can therefore carry people or goods for a fee. An AOC holder may act as commander on an aircraft for which only one pilot is required by the AFM. In the case of aircraft for which more than one pilot is required by the Airplane Flight Manual or by the type of operation, the holder of an AOC may act as a pilot. A typical job for a commercial pilot is, for example, a public flight or a helicopter sawing the edges of power lines from a helicopter in a special saw. The holder of a CPL (A) may also act as a pilot on a scheduled airplane. This requires the successful completion of theoretical knowledge training for airline pilots, and instrument rating in multi-engine airplanes, as well as cockpit cooperation training. Airlines usually provide their pilots with type rating training, which entitles the pilot to fly certain types of multi-pilot multi-pilot aircraft as a pilot. A CPL (A) may be attended without basic aeronautical training or as a holder of an AOC or a private pilot license. If a student who already has an AOC is already in possession of a flight license, you may be eligible for a refund upon completion of the AOC. The Flight School, which provides training for the ATPL, assesses any compensation on a case-by-case basis.
An AOC is a perpetual license and may be exercised with a valid medical certificate and with the necessary ratings valid.
Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL)
The AOC differs from other AOCs in that it cannot be obtained after training. In addition to training, you will need to have multi-pilot experience in addition to training and increase your overall flying experience. The most common way to apply for an AOC is to be a pilot with an airline that has a sufficient number of hours of flight pilot license to complete the requirements of the AOC. Obtaining an Airline Pilot’s License is also subject to your own theoretical knowledge training and flight test. The difference between ATP and ATP is that the AOC holder can act as a multi-pilot commander in commercial air transport. Thus, the commander of a scheduled airplane holds an ATPL.
A Airline Pilot License is perpetual and its privileges may be exercised with a valid medical certificate and by maintaining the necessary ratings. -
You will need the English language proficiency mark required by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO):
- when flying abroad
- using English for radiotelephone traffic in Finland
- when using the IR.
You will receive an English language proficiency certificate on your license by passing a language proficiency test to an authorized Trafi proficiency examiner.
Trafi issues a language proficiency endorsement on application based on a certificate of proficiency test. An authorized language examiner may enter on the license an extension of the language proficiency endorsement.
The period of validity of a language proficiency endorsement depends on the license category and level of proficiency. The language endorsements are as follows:
• Level 6 is valid indefinitely and does not need to be renewed.
• Level 5 is valid for six years.
• Level 4 is valid for four years for flight crew and three years for air navigation staff.
R / T E marking
The R / T E designation will remain the national designation of recreational aviation operators and may be used in aviation radiotelephony in the territory of Finland within the scope of their other ratings. No other ICAO Member States have an obligation to approve a label. When operating overseas, the aeronautical aeronautical practitioner must also have a language proficiency mark as required by the ICAO. -
Testing locations
Theoretical test sessions will be held at Trafi’s offices in Helsinki and at Rovaniemi’s and Lappeenranta’s offices. You can inquire about possible test days at non-Helsinki locations by email at theory examinations (at) trafi.fi.
Visit addresses for test sites:
• Kumpulantie 9, 00520 Helsinki, Finland
• Santamäentie 14 B, 96100 Rovaniemi, Finland
• Valtakatu 49, 53100 Lappeenranta, Finland.
Also some flight schools are allowed to organise theory tests in their own facilities.
Registration for the exam
Once the applicant has successfully completed the theoretical knowledge training and examination organized by the ATO, he / she shall inform the applicant of the theory test provided by Trafi. If the applicant converts a national license into a PART-FCL license, he / she may apply for the conversion test himself / herself. Registration for the theory test at the Helsinki office is done using the registration form. Registration must be done one week before the desired exam date.
Reporting an obstacle
Any unexpected obstacle or illness of a participant should be immediately reported to the e-mail address theoriakokeet (at) trafi.fi. If a student is left unannounced without entering the test, the invoice will be sent based on the enrollment form.
Dues
Aviation theory tests are subject to a fee. The charges are based on a decree of the Ministry of Transport and Communications on paid services provided by the Finnish Transport Safety Agency Trafi. An invoice for the theory tests will be sent to the address on the enrollment form after the test.
Certificate of Examinations Certificate of Examinations will be mailed to the address given on the registration form within one week of the exam.
Further information: teoriakokeet (at) trafi.fi -
You can apply for a license or a certificate by filling in a written application and sending it with attachments by email to kirjaamo (at) trafi.fi or by post to:
Traficom
Registry
PL 320
00101 Helsinki
Applications will be processed in the first come, first served basis within 14 days after you have provided all the necessary attachments. We deliver completed licenses primarily by mail. To expedite our ability to process, we hope that you submit your application and all necessary attachments at the same time.
Documents required for new license and certification applications:
• Application (link to the form on the right) • The following certificates:
• theory training
• Flight training
• radiotelephony training
• language test, if applicable
• apply for the English language endorsement or
• you do not speak native Finnish and are applying for a Finnish language endorsement
• A copy of the flight log when applying for the first license
• a copy of your passport if you are not a Finnish citizen.
Documents required for renewal of licenses and ratings:
• Application (also fill in “Flight experience”)
• Certified refresher training where appropriate.
You must have a valid medical certificate to obtain the licenses and ratings. More information on medical certification and application is available under “Aeronautical Medicine”. -
The valid license endorsements define the privileges of the license holder, ie the pilot of the aircraft. Trafi issues certificates associated with flight licenses that allow the license holder to use its license in a more versatile manner. Qualifications include, for example, type and class ratings and trainer ratings. The qualification shall include theoretical and flight instruction as well as a skill test. Some qualifications also include a theory test.
Renewal and renewal of the license
The ratings listed on the license shall continue to be valid, depending on the ratings, either by experience, training or examination, or by a combination of both. Outdated certification can usually be renewed by recurrent training and checking. Examiners may continue to hold ratings, as well as new expired ratings, provided that:
• the license is endorsed on the license and
• Less than 3 years from the date of expiry.
Temporary license access
The examiner may grant a temporary privilege on the privileges of the holder after an approved skill test. This will allow the license holder to take advantage of his new license already while waiting for the new license to be completed.
Medical fitness (medical)
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The issue of a private pilot license and the exercise of the privileges thereof are subject to the existence of a valid Class 1 or Class 2 Medical Certificate.
Category 1 medical certification is required for merchant and commercial pilots and is subject to a medical examination by the AeMC.
In Finland, the centers of Aeronautical Medicine are the Military Medical Center Aeromedical Center, Finnair Health Services and Aava Vantaanportti.
A Category 2 medical certificate is sufficient for a private pilot license. The issue of a Category 2 medical certificate and the continuation of both shall be subject to the examination of an Aero Medical Examiner (AME).
You can find the contact details of aero-medical examiners in Finland here.
The requirements for medical certificates are defined in the Common European Aviation Requirements (JAR-FCL 3).
Contact details of aero-medical centers
SOTLK, Aeromedical Center
Tukholmankatu 8A PL 50, 00301 HELSINKI, Finland
Phone: 0299 580 355
Fax: (09) 0299 580 309
Email: firstname.lastname (at) mil.fi
Finnair Health Services
Lentäjäntie 1 01053 Finnair online
Phone: (09) 818-4831
Fax: (09) 818-4824
Email: firstname.lastname (at) finnair.fi
Aava Vantaanportti
Elannontie 5 (Tammisto)
01510 Vantaa
Phone: 010 380 2350
Email: aemc (at) aava.fi -
The holder of a medical certificate (medical certificate) shall not exercise the privileges of the AOC and the associated rating or authorization if he / she knows that his / her medical qualification has been impaired in such a way as to prevent him / her from exercising his / her privileges safely (eg. If in doubt, consult an aeromedical section (AMS), an aeromedical center (AMC), or an AME (aeromedical examiner) for guidance.
The holder of a medical certificate shall, without undue delay, contact the AeMC, AME or AME for further instructions if he / she becomes aware of:
1. hospitalization or outpatient treatment for more than 12 hours;
2. undergo surgery or other invasive (intra-body) surgery;
3. Regular use of medicines; or
4. Need regular eyeglasses.
If the holder of a medical certificate:
(1) Injured inability to act as a flight crew member; or
(2) falls ill due to inability to operate as a flight crew member for 21 days or more; or
3. is pregnant,
he must inform the authority or the AME in writing of the more serious pregnancy or of the pregnancy, who will forward the information to the authority. The disease must be reported when it lasts more than 21 days. A medical certificate is considered to be temporarily expired after the person has been injured, the pregnancy has been diagnosed or the illness has lasted for the above period. -
Different medications may have a debilitating effect on medical fitness. This applies to both over-the-counter and prescription drugs. Other medical treatment may also adversely affect medical fitness. The potential implications should be clarified as the holder of a medical certificate may not exercise the privileges or authorizations contained in his / her license or associated certificate if he / she is unable to perform his / her duties in accordance with safety requirements. In order to meet safety requirements, the pilot must refrain from flying while sick. It is also advisable not to take any medicine before or during the flight unless the pilot is fully aware of the effect of the medicine on himself. If you are going to take medicine before taking off, always think first about whether you feel fit and really need the medicine. Have you tried this medicine yourself at least 24 hours before your flight and confirmed that it has no adverse effects on your flight? You may ask your authorized aero-dentist, aero-medical center, or Trafi’s unit of occupational medicine about the potential impact of different medications or treatment on medical fitness. Possible effects should always be ascertained if there is any doubt. In addition, it is always good for the attending physician to know that he / she is taking care of the holder of the AOC. It is not possible to draw up a detailed list of medicines banned in aviation because of the large number of medicinal products and the rapid changes in the industry.
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Medical certificates are divided into five categories:
Commercial and Commercial Pilots (ATPL, CPL, MPL) – Category One
The medical certification requirements for airline and commercial pilots are determined by the EASA Part MED. The period of validity of the medical certificate shall be determined from the date of the first medical examination. One class medical certificate is valid for 12 months at a time – until the holder reaches the age of 60 years. Thereafter, the period of validity shall be six months. Exceptions are applicants who are engaged in commercial passenger transport with a single pilot crew. The period of validity of the certificate is 12 months until the applicant reaches the age of 40. Thereafter, the period of validity shall be six months. Applicants for a medical certificate shall undergo an initial medical examination by the AeMC. The examinations required for the renewal or revalidation of an airworthiness certificate may be carried out by an AeMC or an AME1.
Private Pilots (PPL, BPL, SPL) – Category Two
The medical certification requirements for private pilots are governed by the EASA Part MED. Applicants for, or holders of, a private pilot license shall hold a valid one or two class medical certificates. A class two medical certificate shall be valid for a period of 60 months until the holder reaches the age of 40 years. Thereafter, the period of validity shall be 24 months until the holder has reached the age of 50, and thereafter the period of validity shall be 12 months. The examination required for the issue, revalidation or renewal of an airworthiness certificate may be carried out by an AeMC or an AME.
Hobby Pilots (LAPL (A, H, S, B), UPL, APL) – Category LAPL
Medical fitness requirements for hobby pilots are governed by the EASA Part MED. Applicants for, or holders of, a Hobby Pilot License must hold a valid Class LAPL, Class 2 or Class 1 medical certificate. The LAPL medical certificate shall be valid for a period of 60 months until the holder reaches the age of 40. Thereafter, the period of validity shall be 24 months. The examination required for the issue, revalidation or renewal of an airworthiness certificate may be carried out by an AeMC or an AME.
Air traffic controllers (ATCO) and flight information officers (FISO) – category three
Applicants for an air traffic controller license and a flight information certificate shall hold a valid medical certificate, in accordance with Eurocontrol Class Three. The air traffic controller medical certificate shall be valid for 24 months until the holder has reached the age of 40. Thereafter, the period of validity shall be 12 months. The examination required for the issue, revalidation or renewal of an airworthiness certificate may be carried out by an AeMC or an AME.
Cabin Crew – Class Cabin Crew
The medical requirements for cabin crew members are determined in accordance with EASA Part MED. Cabin crew members must hold a valid Cabin Crew Medical Attestation. The cabin crew attestation shall be valid for 60 months. The medical assessment required to apply for, obtain, renew or extend a certificate may be carried out by an AeMC, an AVM or a Trafi Certified Occupational Health Practitioner. -
The prevailing state of health affects medical fitness. Illness, pregnancy and injury must be reported immediately in writing to the AeMC or AeMC.
The holder of a medical certificate shall be responsible for its safe performance. Medical fitness is an essential part of safety. If the holder of a medical certificate knows that his or her state of health is such that he or she may be unable to meet the safety requirement, he or she shall not exercise the privileges of his or her privileges.
He / she must also immediately contact an aero-medical examiner or aero-medical center for further assistance. Situations requiring additional help may include, for example, major illness, initiation of medication, hospital or outpatient treatment, or forthcoming surgery.
What are LAPL (A) and PPL (A) pilot licenses?
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LAPL (A)
The holder of an LAPL shall be entitled to act as pilot in command on a single engine piston engine or TMG powered sailplane with a maximum take-off mass of not more than 2 000 kg and carrying not more than four passengers.
The holder of a LAPL (A) shall not carry passengers unless he / she has completed, after the issue of the license, 10 hours of flight time as PIC on airplanes or TMGs.
Applicants for a light aircraft license shall be at least 17 years old and hold a valid LAPL, 1 or 2 medical certificate. In addition, he shall receive the required training from a FTO or approved accredited trainer in accordance with the training program, and shall demonstrate to the Authority that the knowledge and competencies required by the privileges of the holder of a light aircraft license are met.
There is no class or type rating associated with a light aircraft license, as the license itself determines which aircraft are allowed to fly. However, the license may be accompanied by other ratings, such as a night rating or a skill rating.
PPL (A)
The holder of a private pilot license is entitled to operate as a commander or co-pilot without compensation on any aircraft (ie aircraft in the Airplanes group) for non-commercial purposes.
An applicant for a private pilot license shall be at least 17 years old and hold a valid Class 1 or Class 2 medical certificate. In addition, he shall receive the required training from a FTO or approved accredited instructor in accordance with the training program, and shall demonstrate to the Authority that the knowledge and competencies required by the privileges of the CPL holder are met.
In addition to the license, a private pilot is required to hold a valid class or type rating. The holder of a license and the license shall at all times act within the limits of the privileges of the license and the license. When applying for a license, applicants shall at least meet the requirements for the issue of a class or type rating for the airplane used. Therefore, the CPL course will always include training for both the CPL license and some class or type rating. The most commonly trained class rating is single engine piston SEP (land) single piston engine airplanes.
Often the private pilot license is often accompanied by other ratings such as night rating, skill rating, instrument rating, etc.
Licenses and training are prescribed in the EU Flight Crew Regulation and its Annex 1 Part-FCL. -
No flight crew member shall be licensed, qualified or licensed to do so. The aim of the course is to train a person to fly safely in accordance with good aviation practice, observing the visual flight rules (VFR) and to master the required theoretical knowledge of flying. The flight license course is divided into theoretical and flight sections.
TTT-Aviation asks the student to obtain a valid Class 1 or Class 2 medical certificate (medical) prior to commencing education. This is to ensure that the student’s education does not stop at solo flights if for some reason he / she does not receive his / her own medical certificate. Before flying alone, the flight instructor is the commander of the airplane and his or her medication goes.
The training shall be provided in accordance with a training program approved by the Traffick Safety Agency, and theoretical instruction in flight instruction shall be given in the form of a single theoretical course and shall be combined with flight instruction wherever possible. It is also possible for a flight school to arrange training by providing another flight training course in accordance with a license specifically issued by the Authority, if deemed appropriate for the purpose of the training. It is therefore possible to complete the theory and flight sections of a private pilot license course at different flying schools or flying clubs. However, it is the responsibility of the provider of flight training to ensure that the training is coordinated and that the training objective is fully achieved. -
The light aircraft pilot license and the private pilot license theoretical knowledge training program shall comprise the following subjects:
• Aviation regulations
• general knowledge of the aircraft
• Performance and flight planning
• Human performance and limitations
• meteorology, flight navigation
• flight operations
• Flight theory
• radiotelephony
Theoretical instruction includes 100 hours (60 minute lessons). In addition to the actual information training, the number of classes includes exercises. These lessons do not include flight instructor training for the student (initial and end briefings). We use a variety of teaching methods, such as lectures, exercises, student literature, a computer-based learning system, and DVDs and CDs. The purpose of private pilot information training is to provide the student with the necessary information to conduct operations in practical visual meteorological conditions. The student will be taught the theory of flight, good aeronautics, general principles, and technical details as much as it is necessary to understand and absorb the knowledge required for safe flight operations. Teaching aims to recognize that each student is an individual and learns things differently.
Attendance of the theory course is 100% and students must attend the syllabus and the final written exams of the flying school. If, for some compelling reason, a student is required to be absent from the classroom, he or she must be given separate instruction to ensure that the educational goal is achieved. Passing the test requires the student to answer at least 75% of the test questions in each subject correctly. Theory tests are multiple-choice tests. -
Applicants for a private pilot license shall have at least 45 hours of flight experience as a pilot on airplanes. This training must include at least 25 hours of dual instruction with the instructor and at least 10 hours of solo flight instruction under the supervision of a flight instructor, of which at least 5 hours shall be solo. Single flights shall include at least one cruise flight of at least 270 kilometers (150 NM).
For light aircraft, the requirements are slightly lighter: a total of 30 hours flying experience, of which at least 15 hours shall be flight instruction with the instructor and 6 hours solo flight instruction under the control of flight instructors, of which at least 3 hours shall be solo. Single flights shall include at least one passenger flight of at least 150 km (80 NM).
Flight training must be given on airplanes certified in an EASA type certificate and airworthiness certificate issued or approved by an EASA Member State. Airplanes must be equipped with dual controls.
The content of the flight training program is virtually the same for each license and you do not have to decide which license to take at the start of the training. The flight training program includes the following exercises:
flight preparation procedures, including mass and balance determination, airplane inspection and maintenance, which may be carried out by the pilot;
aerodrome and landing operations, precautions and procedures to avoid collision;
control of the aircraft based on external sighting;
flying at critically low airspeeds; identifying and correcting incipient and full stalling;
flying at critically high airspeeds; identifying and correcting the helix;
take-offs and landings in normal conditions and crosswinds;
take-offs at maximum performance (short runway and obstacle clearance); Landings on short runways;
flying using instruments only (PPL (A) only, not LAPL (A)),
cruise flight using visual, calculation and radio navigation equipment;
emergency response procedures, including simulated aircraft equipment malfunctions; and Arrival, Departure, Bypass, Compliance with Air Traffic Service and Radiocommunication Methods and Sayings.
The student must be at least 16 years of age before the date of his / her first solo flight. In addition, before the first solo flight, the student shall have successfully completed written proficiency tests in flight manual, flight theory, aviation regulations and aircraft general knowledge, as well as demonstrating proficiency in radiotelephone traffic with the flight school. -
THEORY TEST
Once the student has passed the Private Pilot Theories with passed proficiency tests, the student will have the opportunity to take the Trafi Theory Exam. A person applying for a private pilot license shall demonstrate to the aeronautical authority that his or her theoretical knowledge is of the level that may be required of a private pilot license holder. The holder’s theoretical knowledge examination is carried out by means of a theoretical test. The exam must be in writing and it is possible to do it at the discretion of the aviation authority on one or more days, the exam is usually arranged at Trafi’s office in Kumpula, and with more applicants the exam can be arranged elsewhere in Finland. The theory test assesses the applicant’s knowledge of the subjects taught in the theory training in nine lessons. The Traffic Safety Agency Trafi has published on its website all the questions from the LAPL / PPL Question Bank, which give the final exam questions. These are freely visible to all. An applicant may be considered to have successfully completed a theory course if he or she has achieved at least 75% of the maximum score on that subject.
The mission of the flying school is to inform the student of the theory test. You must register for the theory test at least two weeks before the desired test date. In the case of re-entry of a failed theory test, enrollment must be done at least one week before the exam date.
Passing the theory test for the private pilot requires that all the elements of the theory test have been successfully completed within 24 months. This 24-month period is calculated from the end of the calendar month in which the applicant first attends the theoretical knowledge examination. The theory test for a private pilot license shall be valid for the issue of a license for a period of 24 months from the date of successful completion of all theory tests.
SKILL
Applicants for an IR shall complete training in the same class or type of airplane as used in the skill test. Applicants may complete the test on a single-engine airplane or, if they have the required 70 hours of command experience, on a multi-engine airplane. The airplane type used for the skill test must meet the same requirements as airplane training.
The test consists of five sections (six in the case of a multi-engine airplane plus one-engine flying exercises). All parts of the skill test must be completed within 6 months.
If the applicant does not pass all sections of the skill test twice, additional training will be required as determined by the Authority. An applicant for a license may at any time attempt to pass the skill test.
I already have a license
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The EASA license is valid for an indefinite period. Eligibility for the license is governed by the ratings it contains and the validity of the medical certificate. For LAPL (A), recent experience determines the license, as LAPL (A) cannot include class or type ratings.
LAPL (A)
The holder of a LAPL (A) shall only be entitled to exercise the privileges of his / her license if he / she has completed the previous 24 months as a pilot on an airplane or TMG
at least 12 hours of flight time as PIC, including 12 take-offs and landings; and
refresher training of a total flight time of at least one hour.
There are LAPL (A) license holders who do not meet the above requirements
conducting an examination with the examiner before continuing to exercise the privileges of his / her license; or
additional flight time or take-offs and landings, either under school or solo, under the supervision of a teacher, to fulfill the experience requirements above.
PPL (A), CPL (A) and ATPL (A)
The class and type rating shall be valid for one year, except for single-engine single-pilot aircraft, for a period of two years.
Renewal of the SEP and TMG class rating
For the issue of a single-pilot single-engine piston engine airplane class or TMG class rating, the applicant shall:
during the three months prior to the date of expiry of the rating, an approved proficiency check with the examiner in the relevant class; or
during the 12 months prior to the expiry date of the rating, 12 hours of flight time in that class, including
6 hours as commander,
12 take – offs and 12 landings; and
Refresher training of a total flight time of at least one hour with a Flight Instructor (FI) or a CRI. Applicants shall be exempted from this recurrent training if they have passed a category or type rating on an skill test, skill test or proficiency rating in another class or type of airplane.
If the applicant holds both a single-engine piston engine airplane class rating and a TMG rating, he / she may meet the requirements of 1 and 2 for each category or combination thereof, and at the same time continue to apply for both ratings.
Single-engine, single-pilot, turboprop aircraft. For the issue of a single-engine turboprop airplane class rating, the applicant shall conduct an approved proficiency check with the examiner for that class within the three months preceding the expiry date of the rating.
If the applicant holds both a single-engine piston engine airplane class rating and a single-engine piston engine seaplane class rating, he / she may meet the requirements of point 2 in either class or combination and at the same time qualify for both. In both classes, at least one hour of the required time as PIC and six of the 12 required take-offs and landings must be completed.
An applicant who does not pass all sections of the proficiency check before the expiry date of the class or type rating shall not exercise the privileges of that rating until it has passed the proficiency check.
Renewal of the class and type rating
If the class or type rating has expired, the applicant must
receive refresher training at an approved training organization, as appropriate, to achieve the level of proficiency necessary for the safe flying of the relevant aircraft class or type; and
pass a proficiency check.
Professional pilot studies
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The profession of a pilot gives you the opportunity to develop yourself constantly, to do challenging work where no working day is the same.
Airline pilot training can be provided in an integrated, modular or MPL (MultiPilot License) manner.
In the modular educational option, the student completes the licenses and ratings in separate entities. in the integrated option, all professional pilot training is provided in a single package. In MPL studies, 50 percent of the flight training students fly with, for example, an Airbus simulator and also apply ATPL theories. With the right airplane, students fly far less, and students get no other qualifications than, for example, Airbus. In addition, MPL training is currently limited to the airline with whom the training will be conducted, ie if a person is on a Finnair MPL course and for some reason would not be employed, he / she cannot go directly to Lufthansa even if the fleet is the same. That’s why TTT-Aviation recommends an integrated or modular school, leaving students with more choice in employment.
Modular training lasts longer than the integrated option, which is more expensive.
On average, it takes about 2.5 years to become a professional pilot.
TTT-Aviation does not provide professional flight training, but the PPL (A) course and Night Flight Certification (NF) we offer are well suited as a first step for a future professional pilot. Our instructors have studied and taught in Salpauslento, Patria Pilot Training and the Finnish Aviation College.
Whether your goal is to be a pilot or a hobby, we will give you training and show you that the sky is no longer the limit!
PPL (A) – Private Pilot License CPL (A) – Airline Pilot License ATPL (A) – Airline Pilot License IR (A) – Instrument Flight Certificate ME – Multi Engine Certification MCC – Flight Crew Cooperation Course -
In general, the principle is that the IR and CPL theories will remain valid for 3 years of approved Trafin Aviation Examinations. Thus, all IR or CPL training should be completed within a 3-year period, including the pilot test and the submission of the application – the starting date for the theory course is not decisive.
After training, the ATPL theories for the ATPL license will never expire if you just keep the CPL / IR valid, and even after that IR certification expires, there is still 7 years to renew the IR. -
You can always find Trafi’s valid test fees in the payout tables in the appendices to the most recent Trafi Fee Regulation.
Theoretical test sessions will be held at Trafi’s offices in Helsinki and Rovaniemi and, if requested, at the Lappeenranta office. When registering at a location other than Helsinki or Rovaniemi, please fill out the required exam dates and preferably the alternative exam day (s). Other inquiries to theoriakokeet (at) trafi.fi.
Visit addresses for test sites:
• Kumpulantie 9, 00520 Helsinki, Finland
• Santamäentie 14 B, 96100 Rovaniemi, Finland
• Valtakatu 49, 53100 Lappeenranta, Finland.
Introductory flights, first school flight lesoon, cost-sharing private flights
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Demonstration flights are flights designed to introduce flight operations to new trainee and amateur members. Demonstration flights are not commercial activities, although they may be subject to compensation.
Demonstration flights must meet the following criteria: The flight must be conducted by an approved flight training organization or a flight club established to promote recreational and leisure aviation. An organization cannot exist just for demonstration flights. Demonstration flights must not become profits distributed outside the organization.
Where non-members are involved, these flights may be only a small part of the organisation’s activities. A small part is the demonstration flight activity in Finland up to 6 days a year. There is no limit to the number of daily flights. The aircraft used for demonstration flights are either owned or unmanned by the organization.
A flight is a short flight tour where take-off and landing must be made at the same aerodrome or operating site. Flights must be carried out during the day in accordance with visual flight rules (VFR).
Flights must be supervised by the person responsible for safety.
The demonstration flight may be conducted by a private pilot license holder, but any compensation paid for the flight must be paid in full to the flying club.
In addition, the following additional requirements of OPS M1-33 are applicable in Finland:
The organization providing the demonstration flights shall keep records of the demonstration flights performed and their numbers. The records shall include, as a minimum, the date of the flight, the aircraft registration number and the pilot of the aircraft. Records should be kept for at least 2 years.
The organization providing the demonstration flights shall identify in writing the pilots conducting such flights and maintain a list of such pilots. Records should be kept for at least 2 years.
Aircraft used for demonstration flights shall have a valid ICAO Annex 8 or EASA certificate of airworthiness. Demonstration flights may not be conducted with the permission of the aircraft for aviation or with the temporary permission for aviation. Therefore, demonstration flights cannot be performed on ultralight aircraft or other non-certificated aircraft.
The organization providing the demonstration flights shall ensure that the passenger is informed that the demonstration flight does not meet the safety and insurance requirements for commercial operations.
For demonstration flights, the operator must report operational information in accordance with Trafi’s instructions. -
The demonstration flight is not a flight within the approved training program of the training organization, for example in a demonstration and familiarization course in recreational aviation (sailboat, motor sailboat, ultralight, autogyrot) (TRG M1-7) or the first training flight for those interested in flight training. Demonstration flight requirements and additional national requirements are not applicable. Instructions for the first school flight can be found on Traficom website.
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The cost sharing for private flights shall be as follows:
The cost of flights may be shared provided that all direct costs are shared among all persons on board (including the pilot) and that the number of persons among whom these costs are shared is limited to six. EASA has defined direct costs as follows: fuel costs, landing fees, airport charges and aircraft rental.
Private flights may be advertised in advance, but they must clearly state that this is a cost-sharing private flight and that commercial aviation security and insurance requirements are not met. EASA also allows skyuber marketing and has itself signed voluntary safety charter agreements with European players in the industry (Wingly, Coavmi and Flyt).
Cost sharing is also possible when flying an ultra-light aircraft or other non-certified aircraft. However, a permit to fly must be obtained.
Demonstration flights must be notified to Trafi in accordance with the Demonstration Flights notification form.